Carburetor



Julie 9 A. W. LEE ET AL CARBFJRETOR Filed Dec. 27, 1929 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 0 w. W a, M u a 2% Lfld P W f r/ Z w; Z

June 9, 1931. A. w. LEE ET AL 1,809,485 I CARBURETOR Filed Dec. 27. 1929 2 Sheets-Sheet 2.

IIIII lla-w TES Unite sT PAT ENT OFFicE ALBERT W. LEE. AND ARTHUR W. I-IAMBY, OF COLUMBIA, SOUTH CAROLINA GARBUBETOB Application filed December 27, 1929.

The present invention relates to carburetors and more especlally to nnproved means in fu el mixing apparatus in which a needle valve employed for controlling the flow of the combustible mixture to the engine.

One of the serious difficulties found to exist in carburetors of this type resides in the fact that at least forty per cent of the gasoline which passes through the supply passage and the needle valve is not combusted. This uncombusted gasoline cannot pass back through the needle valve for further use, but is sucked into the cylinders as raw gasoline and leaks past the pistons so asto finally lodge in the crank case. It will, therefore, be seen that not only is a large quantity of the fuel dissipated but also the lubricating oil, due to the mixture of the raw gasoline therewith, turn cylin parts loses itslubricating qualities which. in v has a most detrimental effect on the practically all types of carburetors now in usey't-he raw gasoline is sucked through the needle valve into the intake manifold where means are provided for admitting and regulating the air in order that the raw gasoline may be mixed with the air before sucked intothe cylinders.

being Aprimary object of the present invention s to provlde means for vaporizing the llqu d fuel before it reaches the intake man fold so that practically all of'the gasoline'passing through the needle valve into the engine is comb the r usted, thus eliminating'the danger of aw gasoline being carried to the cylinders and escaping to the crank case.

A further ob ect is to provide an improved needle valve with a coned-tlp having a me- :dially disposed cut away portion that forms a flat side which coacts with an axially-disposed air inlet inthe needle valve for effectively vaporizing-the fueljb'efore it reaches theengine manifold.

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further objectl eomprehends the provi- Serial No.

adjacent the valve seat and at a point opposite the intake manifold so that the fuel'will be vaporized prior to its introduction into the englne.

Another object consists in providing a needle valve with an air hole whichcom municates with the fuel supply passage at a point beneath the tip-of the valve and which may be readily interchanged with or substituted for. other types of needle valves without involving a material change in the construction or arrangement of the carburetor.

Other objects of the invention will become apparent vfrom the following description taken in conjunction with the accompanyme claims and drawings.

Referring to the drawings in which are invention:

Figure l is a parts in section.

Figure 2 1s a shown several preferred embodiments of the side elevation of acarburetor with the invention applied thereto showing detailed enlarged sectional view of the needle valve.

Figure 3 is a view substantially similar to s Figure 2 of a modified form of needle valve.

Figure 4 is a detailed sectional view, of a further modification. j

a Figure 5 is an enlarged detail sectional view of a modified form ofthe invention.

. Figure 6 isa side elevation of a carburetor with the invention applied thereto.

Figure 7 is an enlarged sectional view taken substantially along the line 7- 7 of Flgure 6.

Referring to the drawings in which like numerals indicate like parts in the various views; 10 denotes a carburetor of the float feed type having a float chamber 11, an air inlet 12, and a alignment with mixing chamber 13 in vertical the tubular portion 14 I that has an annular flange 15 for connecting the carburetor to the intake manifold of the engine.

Positioned within the mixing chamber 13 is a tubular member 16 which communicates with the port .17 leading from the bottom of the float chamber 11 through a lateral opening 18 and may have its upper end maintained in proper position by a sleeve 20 which is de tachably mounted within the chamber by the bracket 21 carried by the transverse pin 19.

The upper end of the tubular member 16 is preferably formed with a tapered valve seat 22 (Figure 2) arranged to receive the conedtip 23 of the needle valve 24 which valve extends through the bottom of the carburetor 10 and is axially disposed within the tubular member 16. valve is preferably externally threaded as at 25 and extends through an externally threaded boss 26 formed in the bottom of the buretor. In order to insure a 'oint be ing formed between. the parts, a packing 27 is positioned between the end of the boss and a retaining nut 28. The needle valve 24 has an axial through opening 29 which communicates with and is connected to tube 30 as at 31. The tube 30 is bent upwardly so as to have its upper end 32 in substantially horizontal alignment with the top of float chamber 11 to prevent (BVQTnOW of the 'fuel when the motor is stopped. The end 32 may also beprovideo with an air filter to allow cleanoutsioe atmospheric to pass through the needle valve 24. r

In order that the liquid fuel or gasoline from the float chamber 11 may be vaporized 7 prior to its introduction into the intake mani fold of the engine, the coiled-tip 23 of the needle valve 24 is cut away through suostan- Mtially half ofits diameter to form the flat vertically disposed, face 33 which terminates at its lower end in an inclined side or notch V 34 .so that the air as it issues through a .restrictedport from the axial passage 29 of the needle valve, strikes the side Eli-and is deflected upwardly and laterally therefrom.

The liquid fuel is carried from the passage 17 through the port 13 and upwardly through theannular passage 36 formed between-the tubular member 16 and the needle valve 24 (Figure 2) and mixes in the chamber 3'? with the air at a pointdirectly beneath heva veseat 22 or ontheside opposite the intake. n .fold of the carburetor.

The needle va to.the valveseat 22 throughthe instrumenally actuated it. will move the (zoned-tip into or out of engagement with the valve seat 22 as may be desired.

2 Itwill be seen that when the conod-tip 23 -is.moved away from the valve-seat to per- The lower portion of the" lve adjustable relative.

mit the mixture of gasoline and air to pass into the intake manifold, that by virtue of the flat face 33, a larger passage is formed on one side of the coiled-tip 23 than on the other side, thus allowing more of the combustible mixture to be delivered to the engine from the first mentioned side. Mcoreover as the suction action of the motor is greatest on the fiat side 33 of the coned-tip it will cause the gasoline to be sprayed and mixed with the air in the form of vapor instead of in liquid to m. In other words, practically all of the raw gasoline will be vaporized before it enters the intake manifold so as to be easily combusted when it reaches the engine.

In operation, the coned-tip 23 of the needle valve 24 is first adjusted relative to the valve seat 22 to obtain the desired mixture of air andgasoline through the opening 39 which communicates with the mixing chamber 13.

In this connection it might be mentioned started, the air and fuel are intimately mixed and vaporized beneath the valve seat 22 and as the flat side 33 of the coned-tip permits a greater area to be sprayed at the suction point 3? and mixed with the jet of air issuing from the opening 35 in the form of vapor, it prevents the combustible fuel being con ducted to the engine in liquid form and the danger of the raw gas escaping to the crank case. Moreover, when the motor-is started, the raw fuel contained in tube 30 is immediately drawn into the carburetor by the suction of the motor as it sucksair, and is vaporized with the fuel from the carburetor bowl. In other words the tube 30 is filled with fuel only wh n the motor is stoppedand is entirely free'from fuel when the motor is running.

It will be seen that the inclined [face 34 of the'conedtip 23 causes the air to be deflected outwardly and upwardly into the ,gas-and insure vaporization of the mixture before the same nasses'through the opening 39 of the valve-seat.

In the modified form of the invention illustrated in Figure 3, the parts are substantially the same as those previously described with the exception that the tubular member 40 is provided with a valve seat 41 of larger diameter than the valveseat 22 while the conedtip. 42 ofthe needle valve 43 is of sufficient length to extend through the opening 44 of .the valve seat and slightly beyond theend 'of the tubiilar' membe'i ebf Due' to the EaCt' COnditiOIiS l n ake itnecessary to make further trude through the valve seat, the spraying ellect ofthe hquidfuel and air which are jinix'ed at a'ponit term te valve seat 41 is that the tip 45 of the cone is arranged repromaterially increased and allowedto' continue untillthe "combustible 'n iiiture 7 delivered toj'the' intaltef nanitoldIv It hasbeen 'i'iound i that by reason ofthefllengthen'ed needle point and the enlargement ofthe openings-lot the valve seat,"that when the device'is installed on a motor vehicle that'themachine can be adjustments. v V v V In Figures 6; and 7, the needle valve is shown applied to a carburetor used'with a well lrnownmalreo'fcar. In these figures, 71 desi nates the carburetor which is provided. with a tubular portion 72 that comnunicates'through the port 78with the float chamber/7 1 and has mounted therein a-Xremovable valve seatplu'g 75; Inorder thatthe gasoline it issues from the passage 73 and throttled downto very slow speed without any apparent strain 'o'nthe motor, or l mg Of the engine." i i In thefinod'fication exhibited in Figure A 'the'tubular ine'mberjlfi is'sub'stantially the same lnconstruct on'as theforms above doscribed, while the needle valve 47 diilers from the needle valvespreviously set'forth' in that the cone tip 48 thereof is not provided: with a'cut away p'ortion'andfthefaxially disposed air passage 49" withth'e' suction point or chamber 51 through the intake manifold in a vaporized state;

is arranged to communicate "he radially inclined ports52' sojthat the isconducted through the opening 76 of the plug 75, may be sprayed or vaporized before it reaches the mtalre manifold, there is provided a carburetor ad ust ng rod 77 wh ch" is operated from the dash of the, vehicle and preferably is formed in two sectionsthat are connectedtogether as at 78(Figure 7 The lower section 7 9 has an axial openi'n "80 which communicates with the atmosp iere through a lat-eraljport 81. The lowerend of the section 79 is formed with 'a 'coned-tip '82 "arranged to extend intofthe valve seat andis substantially sifmilar in operation to the needle valve described in F gures lland The lower section ofthe adjusting rod 7 7 supported in positionb'y a sleeve 83 which has an enlarged' externally threaded'portion Figure 5 Q shows a modification somewhat similar to the "form illustrated in Figure 1,

but. essentially differs therefrom in that the needle valve is arranged to be fixed 'or set in position. In this figure, the'gasoline'irom the float chamber is conducted through the passage 5 k and the diametrically ports 55 in'the sleeve 56to'a eointad'jacent opposed the valve seat 5'? in substantially the same j manner as shown in Figure 1. The needle valve 58 has a (zoned-tip 59 whiclrprotrudes through the valve seat passage 58f and also isprovided with an iaxia l air opening 60 'which communicates with'a'bent" airinlet pipe 61 which be'similar in' cons'trnction to the pipe 3Opreviously described.

The lower portion of the sleeve 56 pref er ably terminates in an enlarged 'internally threadedhead 62 which re'ceive's the comple- "valve 58 and'is also provided with 'are'dueed bureto-r so as to maintain the sleeve in lined operative position. In order to tacilitate the insertion and removal of the needle valve, the

lower end thereo't formed with an enlarged smooth head 65 having a hert 6G for receiving a suitable tool such as ascrewdriver or the 7 and .coacts with the.

that engages the tubular portion 72 of the carburetor and an internally "threaded portion for securingthe section 79 there to. A slidable nrrember 86" surrounds; the section 79 and sleeve 88 and has the spaced annular flanges 87 for receiving the linger 88 or" the carburetor air shutter lever 88;

- In operation the rod 7? is'adjusted from dash so that the needle valve will allow the desired flow of gasoline from thcch'amber 'Ztto pass through the port 73211111 passage 7-6 and been'traine'd 'withthe air from the ipass'ag'e80 in the'chamber 89, so that the gasoline will be vaporized-before "it r-eaches fthe'manifold. 7

It will be observed that in allofthie'fioinns disclosed, that'ineans are provided for vaporizing theraw gas before itenters the intake manifold sogt'hat the' maximum amount of mentary threaded portion! 63 of the needle externally threaded portion 6% whichengages a complementary threaded portionof thecan gasoline is'combusted in ccntra-distinction to those types of carburetors in which'the vaporlzation'takesplace 1n the manifold at. ter the raw gasoline s admitted. In other "."words, by reason ofthe present development,

needle valve 58when once properlyadj'usted is allowed to remain in-fixedcposition until practically all ofthe raw gasoline is vaporized sov that a verysmall quantity -remains uncoms busted or'is-dissipated,

BEOYGOVGI'ydUG to the vaporizing of the gasollne prior to its introductioninto, the engine manifold, a substant al saving in fuel as well as a material increase inmileag'eand poweriseiiected and. the injurious effects re sulting from mixture of the. raw gasoline obviated. v

I iththe oil in the cranlrcaselisjpractically "(all llO ho wn and describec1 'ar e mere'ly illiistrafiive of preferred embodiments and it is to'be understood that such changes may be made therein as fall Within the purview of one skilled in the art without departing from the spirit of the invention or the scope of the appended claims.

We claim:

1. In combination with the mixing chamber of a carburetor, a valve seat mounted in said chamber and having a supply opening therethrough, means for supplying gasoline through said opening to the engine, a needle valve having an axially disposed air hole and coned-tip arranged to extend into said valve seat for controlling the flow of the fuel supply, said tip having a flat face in alignment with said hole whereby the fuel is vaporized before being introduced into the engine manifold.

2. In combination with the mixing cham ber of a carburetor, a valve seat mounted in said chamber and having a supply opening therethrough, means for supplying gasoline through said opening to the engine, a needle valve having an axially disposed air hole and a coned-tip arranged to extend into said valve seat for controlling the flow of the fuel supply, said tip having an axially disposed tapered face terminating in an inclined portion adjacent said hole whereby the fuel is vaporized prior to its introduction into the engine manifold.

3. In combination with the mixing chamber of a carburetor, a valve seat mounted in said chamber and having a supply opening therethrough, means for supplying fuel through said opening to the engine, a needle valve having an axially disposed air hole and a tapered tip portion arranged to extend into said valve seat for controlling the flow of the fuel supply, said tip portion having a smooth fiat face terminating in an inclined notch adjacent said hole whereby the fuel is vaporized before entering the engine manifold.

4. In combination with the fuel supply passage of a carburetor, a tubular member ,mounted in said passage, said member having a valve seat, a needle valve adjustably mounted in said tubular member, said needle valve having an axially offset coned-tip ar ranged to engage said valve seat andan axial- 1y disposed air hole communicating with said member at a point beneath said coned-tip.

5. In combination with the fuel supply passage of a carburetor, a tubular member mounted in said passage, said member having a valve seat, a needle valve adjustably mounted in said tubular member, said needle Valve terminating at one end in a coned-tip cut away through. substantially half of its diameter and arranged to engage said valve Seat, said needle valve having an axially disposed air hole communicating with said memher atthe base of the coned-tip whereby the 7.

fuel is vaporized at a point beneath the coned-tip. I

6. In a carburetor of the class described having a fuel passage communicating with the intake manifold of an engine, a tubular member mounted in said passage and terminating at one end in a tapered valve seat and communicating adjacent its other endiwith a fuel supply passage, a needle valve adjustably mounted in said tubular member and communicating with the fuel supply, said needle valve terminating at its upper end in a coned-tip cut away through substantially half of its diameter and arranged to engage said valve seat for controlling the flow of the combustible mixture to the manifold, said needle valve having an axially disposed air hole communicating with said member at the base of the coned-tip, whereby the fuel is vaporized at a point adjacent the valve seat.

7. A needle valve for controlling the sup ply of the combustible mixture to an engine or the like comprising a tubular member having a valve seat communicating with the fuel supply, and a needle valve axially mounted in said tubular member and having a coned-tip cut away through substantially half of its diameter and arranged to engage said valve seat for controlling the flow of the fuel supply therethrough, said needle valve having an axial air opening communicating with the tubular member at a point beneath said valve seat.

8. A needle valve of the class described comprising a coned-tip having a vertically disposed cut away portion and an axialair opening.

9. A needle valve of the class described having a coned-tip cut away through'subst-antially half of its diameter to provide a vertically disposed fiat tapered face and an axially disposed air hole in substantially vertical alignment with said face, said face terminating adjacent said opening in an in clined portion.

10. A needle valve of the class described comprising a ooned-tip cut away through substantially half of its diameter to provide a flat tapered face and an air passage formed in said needle valve and communicating with said coned-tip at the base thereof.

11. In combination with the mixing chamber of a carburetor, a valve seat mounted in said chamber and having a supply opening therethrough, means for supplying fuel through said opening to the engine, a needle valve having an axially disposed air hole and a cone tip having a flat face arrangedto extend into said valve seat for controlling the flow of the fuel supply, and means for mixing the air and fuel at a point adjacent the base of the cone tip.

12. In combination with the mixing chamber of a carburetor, a'valve seat mounted in 1 set our hands.

I ALBERT W. LEE.

ARTHUR W. I-IAMBY. 

